CLA
(conjugated linoleic acid) is a recently recognized supplement. CLA is found naturally in a variety of foods,
including dairy. CLA offers a rich source of
conjugated linoleic acid to supplement the diet naturally. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a slightly altered form of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid found in beef, lamb and dairy products. . Some studies, mostly in rodents, have shown that CLA could help reduce weight but others have shown conflicting results. The latest human study shows that a year treatment with CLA reduces body fat in overweight adults. It's possible that CLA could be effective as a weight loss supplement but we're not yet totally convinced.
CLA supplement, 750 mg, 50 softgels - Club Natural
CLA
(conjugated linoleic acid) is a recently recognized supplement. CLA is found naturally in a variety of foods,
including dairy. CLA offers a rich source of
conjugated linoleic acid to supplement the diet naturally.
Each capsule provides 750 mg CLA supplement.
Directions: Take 1, 2 or 3 CLA softgels daily or as recommended by
your health care provider.
Supplements that could suppress appetite, help with weight
loss, or improve metabolic syndrome. Many of these are found in a product called
Diet Rx
Bitter orange
also known as
Citrus-Aurantium,
also known as bitter orange, Ginger root (Zingiber officinalis),
Green-Tea-Extract
(Camellia sinensis, standardized to contain 50% polyphenols),
Spirulina
(Spirulina platensis),
CLA fatty acids, Cinnamon root (Cinnamomum cassia), Apple Cider vinegar,
Apple pectin, Garcinia Cambogia CitriMax HCA-600 SXS (standardized to
contain 60% hydroxycitric acid),
Grapefruit extract (Citrus paradise, 4 to 1 extract),
Acetyl-l-Carnitine.
Banaba extract
(standardized to contain 1 % corosolic acid),
5-HTP,
Choline
bitartrate, Inositol, Carnitine (Hcl), Pomegranate
(standardized to contain 40 % ellagic acid), Bitter melon
extract (Momordica charantia), Psyllium husk, Coleus
forskohlii (standardized to contain 10 % forskohlin).
CLA (conjugated linoleic acid) is a recently recognized supplement derived from Safflower oil. Years of research at the University of Wisconsin indicate that CLA may help "partition" the way energy is stored and utilized which may result in a reduction of body fat and increased muscle retention.
CLA and cholesterol
Q. I enjoy reading your website. Very informative,
educational and truthful. I was taking CLA 1300 for weight loss and suddenly my
total blood cholesterol rose. I tried the process of elimination and it was only
CLA 1300 that was recently added to my supplements. I had a confirmation of it
when I read about the possibility of CLA raising the cholesterol level. Wrote
Nature's Way, they just say someone will contact me about it. Nothing!
A. A well done human study does not indicate CLA ingestion
increases levels of cholesterol.
A diet rich in conjugated linoleic acid and butter
increases lipid peroxidation but does not affect atherosclerotic, inflammatory,
or diabetic risk markers in healthy young men.
J Nutr. 2008 March. Raff M, Tholstrup T, Basu S, Nonboe P, Sørensen MT,
Straarup EM. Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Life Sciences, University
of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Intake of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been demonstrated to beneficially
affect risk markers of atherosclerosis and diabetes in rats. CLA is naturally
found in milk fat, especially from cows fed a diet high in oleic acid, and
increased CLA intake can occur concomitantly with increased milk fat intake. Our
objective was to investigate the effect of CLA as part of a diet rich in butter
as a source of milk fat on risk markers of atherosclerosis, inflammation,
diabetes type II, and lipid peroxidation. A total of 38 healthy young men were
given a diet with 115 g/d of CLA-rich fat (5.5 g/d CLA oil, a mixture of 39.4%
cis9, trans11 and 38.5% trans10, cis12) or of control fat with a low content of
CLA in a 5-wk double-blind, randomized, parallel intervention study. WThe fatty
acid composition of plasma triacylglycerol, cholesterol esters, and
phospholipids reflected that of the intervention diets.
Weight loss information
A of 35 older women with type 2 diabetes, found that supplements containing two
types of fats -- conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) or safflower oil -- led to
healthy changes in body composition over four months. With CLA, the women saw a
drop in body mass index (BMI) and in their total level of body fat. With
safflower oil, the women's BMI did not change, but they typically shed a couple
pounds of fat from the trunk area; they also showed improvements in their blood
sugar levels. Dr. Martha Belury, professor of nutrition at Ohio State University
in Columbus studied 35 obese women with an average age of 60. Each took either 8
grams of the safflower oil supplement or 8 grams of the CLA supplement every day
for 16 weeks; after a one-month break, the women then switched to the other
supplement.
Overall, the women showed a small decline in BMI and shed a couple pounds of
body fat while on CLA. There was no change in their blood sugar levels or muscle
mass. In contrast, while on safflower oil, the women lost body fat in the trunk
area and gained some muscle mass, while their blood sugar levels showed a
general decline. Studies suggest that CLA affects enzymes involved in body-fat
storage, which may explain its benefits for body composition -- but its
potential effects on diabetes are unclear. The supplement did not affect
blood-sugar control in this study. The amount of safflower oil used in this
study was equivalent to just under two teaspoons a day, which is easy to get
through food. A number of other oils, like sunflower and corn oils, are also
high in omega-6 polyunsaturated fats. On the other hand, the amount of CLA used
in the study would be tough to get through the diet. A liter of full-fat milk,
for example, contains only about 1 gram of CLA. American Journal of Clinical
Nutrition, September 2009.
CLA studies
Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation for 1 y reduces body fat mass in
healthy overweight humans
Jean-Michel Gaullier, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 79, No.
6, 1118-1125, June 2004
Short-term trials showed that conjugated linoleic acid may
reduce body fat mass (BFM) and increase lean body mass (LBM), but the
long-term effect of CLA was not examined. Objective: The objective of the
study was to ascertain the 1-y effect of CLA on body composition and safety
in healthy overweight adults consuming an ad libitum diet. Design: Male and
female volunteers (n = 180) with body mass indexes (in kg/m2) of 25–30 were
included in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Subjects were randomly
assigned to 3 groups: CLA free fatty acid (FFA), CLA-triacylglycerol, or
placebo (olive oil). Change in BFM, as measured by dual-energy X-ray
absorptiometry, was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included the
effects of CLA on LBM, adverse events, and safety variables. Results: Mean
(± SD) BFM in the CLA-triacylglycerol and CLA-FFA groups was 8% and
6.9%, respectively, lower than that in the placebo group (P < 0.001).
Subjects receiving CLA-FFA had 1.8 ± 4.3% greater LBM than did subjects
receiving placebo (P = 0.002). These changes were not associated with diet
or exercise. LDL increased in the CLA FFA group, HDL decreased in the
CLA-triacylglycerol group, and lipoprotein(a) increased in both CLA groups
compared with month 0. Fasting blood glucose concentrations remained
unchanged in all 3 groups. Glycated hemoglobin rose in all groups from month
0 concentrations, but there was no significant difference between groups.
Adverse events did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusion:
Long-term supplementation with CLA-FFA or CLA-triacylglycerol reduces BFM in
healthy overweight adults.
The effect of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation after
weight loss on body weight regain, body composition, and resting metabolic rate
in overweight subjects.
Kamphuis MM, Maastricht University,
The Netherlands.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003 Jul;27(7):840-7.
To study the effects of 13 weeks conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)
supplementation in overweight subjects after weight loss on weight regain, body
composition, resting metabolic rate, substrate oxidation, and blood plasma
parameters. This study had a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized
design. Subjects were first submitted to a very-low-calorie diet (VLCD 2.1 MJ/d)
for 3 weeks after which they started with the 13-week intervention period. They
either received 1.8 g CLA or placebo per day (low dosage, LD) or 3.6 g CLA or
placebo per day (high dosage, HD). A total of 26 men and 28 women (age
37.8+/-7.7 y; body mass index (BMI) 27.8+/-1.5 kg/m(2)). Before VLCD (t=-3), after VLCD but before CLA or placebo intervention (t=0) and after
13-week CLA or placebo intervention (t=13), body weight, body composition (hydrodensitometry
and deuterium dilution), resting metabolic rate, substrate oxidation, physical
activity, and blood plasma parameters (glucose, insulin, triacylglycerol, free
fatty acids, glycerol and beta-hydroxy butyrate) were measured. The VLCD significantly lowered body weight (6.9+/-1.7%), %body fat, fat mass,
fat-free mass, resting metabolic rate, respiratory quotient and plasma glucose,
insulin, and triacylglycerol concentrations, while free fatty acids, glycerol
and beta-hydroxy butyrate concentrations were increased. Multiple regression
analysis showed that at the end of the 13-week intervention, CLA did not affect
%body weight regain. The regain of fat-free mass was
increased by CLA (LD 6.2+/-3.9, HD 4.6+/-2.4%) compared to placebo, independent of %body weight regain and physical
activity. As a consequence of an increased regain of fat-free mass by CLA,
resting metabolic rate was increased by CLA
compared to placebo. Substrate oxidation and
blood plasma parameters were not affected by CLA. In conclusion, the
regain of fat-free mass was favorably, dose-independently affected by a 13-week
consumption of 1.8 or 3.6 g CLA/day and consequently increased the resting
metabolic rate. However, it did not result in improved body weight maintenance
after weight loss.
Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on body composition
and plasma lipids in humans: an overview of the literature.
Antonius HM, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Studies in mice have indicated that feeding diets containing 0.5-1%
conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) considerably reduces body fat. These findings
have attracted much interest because of the potential use of CLA as a tool to
promote weight loss in humans. Several CLA studies in humans have now been
published, and the objective of the present review was to give an overview of
these experiments. Most of the studies were done in free-living subjects and
were not strictly controlled for nutrient and energy intakes. None of the
studies found a significant reduction in body weight, and only 2 studies showed
a significant but relatively small body fat-lowering effect. Some studies
suggested that CLA may have a tendency to increase lean body mass. Furthermore,
there are indications from animal studies that CLA may have effects on plasma
lipids. However, only one study in humans showed a significant HDL-cholesterol-lowering
effect of CLA; in all the other studies, there were no significant effects on
plasma total, LDL-, and HDL-cholesterol concentrations or on plasma
triacylglycerol concentrations. Thus, the results of the studies in humans
indicate that the effect of CLA on body fat is considerably less than that
anticipated from mice studies and that CLA has no major effect on plasma lipids.
Supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid causes
isomer-dependent oxidative stress and elevated C-reactive protein: a potential link to
fatty acid-induced insulin resistance.
Riserus U, Basu S, Circulation 2002 Oct
8;106(15):1925-9
Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala,
Sweden.
Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs), a group of fatty acids shown to have
beneficial effects in animals, are also used as weight loss supplements. Recently, we
reported that the t10c12 CLA-isomer caused insulin resistance in abdominally obese men via
unknown mechanisms. The aim of the present study was to examine whether CLA has
isomer-specific effects on oxidative stress or inflammatory biomarkers and to investigate
the relationship between these factors and induced insulin resistance. In a double-blind placebo-controlled trial, 60 men with metabolic syndrome were
randomized to one of 3 groups receiving t10c12 CLA, a CLA mixture, or placebo for 12
weeks. Insulin sensitivity (euglycemic clamp), serum lipids, in vivo lipid peroxidation
(determined as urinary 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) [F2-isoprostanes]), 15-ketodihydro PGF(2alpha),
plasma vitamin E, plasma C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and
interleukin-6 were assessed before and after treatment. Supplementation with t10c12 CLA
markedly increased 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) (578%) and C-reactive protein (110%) compared with
placebo (P<0.0001 and P<0.01, respectively) and independent of changes in
hyperglycemia or dyslipidemia. The increases in 8-iso-PGF(2alpha), but not in C-reactive
protein, were significantly and independently related to aggravated insulin resistance.
Oxidative stress was related to increased vitamin E levels, suggesting a compensatory
mechanism. CONCLUSIONS: t10c12 CLA supplementation increases oxidative stress and
inflammatory biomarkers in obese men. The oxidative stress seems closely related to
induced insulin resistance, suggesting a link between the fatty acid-induced lipid
peroxidation seen in the present study and insulin resistance. These unfavorable effects
of t10c12 CLA might be of clinical importance with regard to cardiovascular disease, in
consideration of the widespread use of dietary supplements containing this fatty acid.
Readers questions
I have noticed a couple of internal scars I have reduce noticeably each time I
take CLA. The effects seem to be from ingestion and not as much from opening a
capsule and applying directly. Do the affects on tumors go the same for scar
tissues of this type? This is over a number of years for me.
We have not seen any studies to give us a clear view on this
topic.
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